AQA · Year 12

Time of flight mass spectrometry calculations

Generate an exam question and work through it one step at a time.

TOF calculation trainer

Standard set

Question1 / 5 Marks0 / 0 Clues0
AQA-style practice [5 marks]

TOF 0.1.0 · site 1.17.0

The calculation route

  1. Use v = d ÷ t when distance and time are given.
  2. Use KE = ½mv² to connect speed and the mass of one ion.
  3. Convert between the mass of one ion and the mass of one mole using 6.022 × 10²³ mol⁻¹.
  4. For electrospray, the detected ion is usually [M + H]⁺.

Electron impact and electrospray

Electron impact

A gaseous particle loses an electron to form a positive ion, usually M⁺.

Electrospray

A molecule gains H⁺, so the peak for [M + H]⁺ is one unit above M.

Common slips

  • Using centimetres instead of metres.
  • Leaving the mass of one ion in grams rather than kilograms.
  • Stopping at v² instead of taking the square root.
  • Multiplying or dividing by the Avogadro constant in the wrong direction.
  • Forgetting to subtract 1 after electrospray ionisation.

Try next

Isotope problems

Abundance and relative atomic mass

Open